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Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800-1859) English writer and politician


He knew that the essence of war is violence, and that moderation in war is imbecility.

¶ (1643)

of John Hampden, English statesman killed in battle

The measure of a man's real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.

¶ (Attributed)

To punish a man because he has committed a crime, or because he is believed, though unjustly, to have committed a crime, is not persecution. To punish a man, because we infer from the nature of some doctrine which he holds, or from the conduct of other persons who hold the same doctrines with him, that he will commit a crime, is persecution, and is, in every case, foolish and wicked.

Edinburgh Review, "Hallam's Constitutional History" (Sep. 1828)

Reprinted in Critical and Historical Essays (1843)

Many politicians are in the habit of laying down as self-evident the proposition that no people ought to be free till they are fit to use their freedom. This maxim is worthy of the fool in the old story who resolved not to go into the water till he had learned to swim. If men are to wait for liberty till they become wise and good in slavery, they may indeed wait forever.

Edinburgh Review, "Milton" (Aug 1825)

Reprinted in Critical and Historical Essays (1843)

Those who compare the age in which their lot has fallen with a golden age which exists only in imagination, may talk of degeneracy and decay; but no man who is correctly informed as to the past, will be disposed to take a morose or desponding view of the present.

History of England, Vol. I, ch. 1 (1849-1861)

The Puritan hated bear-baiting, not because it gave pain to the bear, but because it gave pleasure to the spectators.

History of England, Vol. I, ch. 3 (1849-1861)

The Puritan hated bear-baiting, not because it gave pain to the bear, but because it gave pleasure to the spectators.

History of England, vol. 1, ch. 2 (1849)

There is only one cure for the evils which newly acquired freedom produces, and that cure is freedom.

On Milton (1825)

There is surely no contradiction in saying that a certain section of the community may be quite competent to protect the persons and property of the rest, yet quite unfit to direct our opinions, or to superintend our private habits.

Southey's Colloquies on Society (1830)

Nothing is so galling to a people, not broken in from the birth, as a paternal or, in other words, a meddling government, a government which tells them what to read and say and eat and drink and wear.

Southey's Colloquies on Society (1830)

I would rather be a poor man in a garret with plenty of books than a king who did not love reading.

¶ Letter to his Niece (15 Sep 1842)

Yes, Gentlemen; if I am asked why we are free with servitude all around us, why our Habeas Corpus Act has not been suspended, why our press is still subject to no censor, why we still have the liberty of association, why our representative institutions still abide in all their strength, I answer, It is because in the year of revolutions we stood firmly by our government in its peril; and, if I am asked why we stood by our government in its peril, when men all around us were engaged in pulling governments down, I answer, It was because we knew that though our government was not a perfect government, it was a good government, that its faults admitted of peaceable and legal remedies, that it had never inflexibly opposed just demands, that we had obtained concessions of inestimable value, not by beating the drum, not by ringing the tocsin, not by tearing up the pavement, not by running to the gunsmiths’ shops to search for arms, but by the mere force of reason and public opinion.

¶ Speech on his re-election to Parliament (2 Nov 1852)

Thus, then, stands the case. It is good, that authors should be remunerated; and the least exceptionable way of remunerating them is by a monopoly. Yet monopoly is an evil. For the sake of the good we must submit to the evil; but the evil ought not to last a day longer than is necessary for the purpose of securing the good.

¶ Speech on the Copyright Bill (5 Feb 1841)

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